{ "$comment": "Machine-readable companion to https://valem.run/calculators/bangladesh/vat. Formula, inputs, outputs, engine-verified test vectors, cited sources and the re-runnable Valem ModelSpec behind the page.", "url": "https://valem.run/calculators/bangladesh/vat", "dataUrl": "https://valem.run/calculators/bangladesh/vat.json", "license": { "name": "CC BY 4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "attribution": "Bangladesh মূসক (VAT) model by Valem (https://valem.run/calculators/bangladesh/vat), CC BY 4.0.", "note": "Covers the model — the expression of each rule and the arrangement of the catalog. The rates and thresholds themselves are law and are not licensed by anyone; the cited sources are where they come from." }, "verificationUrl": "https://valem.run/calculators/bangladesh/vat/verify", "country": "bangladesh", "countryName": "Bangladesh", "formula": "vat", "formulaName": "VAT", "localName": "মূসক", "localLang": "bn", "englishName": "VAT", "title": "মূসক (VAT) calculator Bangladesh 2026-27 — 15% VAT", "answer": "Bangladesh charges VAT (মূসক) at 15% on taxable supplies and imports, with reduced rates of 10%, 7.5% and 5% for the goods and services in the Third Schedule, 0% on exports and none on First Schedule exempt supplies; a business must register once its turnover exceeds ৳50 lakh in twelve months, and between ৳30 lakh and ৳50 lakh it pays a 4% turnover tax instead.", "lang": "en", "currency": "BDT", "taxYear": "2026-27", "verification": { "claim": "internal-consistency", "statement": "The Valem engine reproduces this model's stated formula through 14 self-test cases (below, and re-runnable against the spec). That asserts internal consistency, NOT that the formula matches current law — the cited sources are the evidence for that, and carry the date each was last checked.", "selfTestCases": 14, "ratesAreIllustrative": false, "sourcesCheckedOn": "2026-11-01" }, "sources": [ { "label": "VAT and Supplementary Duty Act 2012 s.15(3): 15%", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42308.html", "checked": "2026-11-01" }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.21: zero-rated supplies (exports)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42314.html", "checked": "2026-11-01" }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012, Third Schedule (reduced rates, as amended to the Finance Act 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/upload/act/2026-08-27-12-19-29-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%2C-%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A8-%281st%2C-2nd%2C-3rd-schedule%29.pdf", "checked": "2026-11-01" }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.20: imported services (substituted by the Finance Act 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42313.html", "checked": "2026-11-01" }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.2(48), (57): ৳30 lakh and ৳50 lakh (Act 77 of 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42295.html", "checked": "2026-11-01" }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.63(1): turnover tax 4% (Finance Act 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42359.html", "checked": "2026-11-01" }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.4: who must register", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42297.html", "checked": "2026-11-01" } ], "terminalOutput": "mustRegister", "headlineOutput": "vatAmount", "inputs": [ { "name": "amount", "type": "number", "label": "Amount (BDT)", "minimum": 0 }, { "name": "direction", "type": "string", "label": "The amount is", "enum": [ "add", "remove" ] }, { "name": "category", "type": "string", "label": "Supply", "enum": [ "standard", "reduced10", "reduced75", "reduced5", "zeroRated", "exempt" ] }, { "name": "reverseCharge", "type": "boolean", "label": "Service imported from abroad (you, the recipient, pay the VAT)" }, { "name": "annualTurnover", "type": "number", "label": "Your turnover over 12 months (BDT)", "minimum": 0 }, { "name": "compulsoryRegistration", "type": "boolean", "label": "You import, export, supply under a tender or contract, or deal in goods or services with supplementary duty" } ], "outputs": [ { "name": "rate", "type": "number", "formula": "category = 'standard' ? $const.standardRate : (category = 'reduced10' ? $const.reducedRate10 : (category = 'reduced75' ? $const.reducedRate75 : (category = 'reduced5' ? $const.reducedRate5 : $const.zeroRate)))" }, { "name": "effectiveRate", "type": "number", "label": "Rate applied", "format": "number", "formula": "reverseCharge ? 0 : $round(rate, 4)" }, { "name": "netAmount", "type": "number", "label": "Value before VAT", "format": "currency", "formula": "direction = 'remove' ? $round($n(amount) / (1 + effectiveRate), 2) : $round($n(amount), 2)" }, { "name": "vatAmount", "type": "number", "label": "VAT", "format": "currency", "formula": "$round(netAmount * effectiveRate, 2)" }, { "name": "selfAssessedVat", "type": "number", "label": "VAT you pay on the imported service (s.20)", "format": "currency", "formula": "(reverseCharge and category != 'exempt') ? $round(netAmount * $const.importedServiceRate, 2) : 0" }, { "name": "grossAmount", "type": "number", "label": "Total with VAT", "format": "currency", "formula": "$round(netAmount + vatAmount, 2)" }, { "name": "turnoverTaxAnnual", "type": "number", "label": "Turnover tax for the year at 4% (enlisted, ৳30–50 lakh)", "format": "currency", "formula": "($t := $n(annualTurnover); (compulsoryRegistration or $t > $const.registrationThreshold or $t <= $const.enlistmentThreshold) ? 0 : $round($t * $const.turnoverTaxRate, 2))" }, { "name": "mustRegister", "type": "boolean", "label": "Must register for VAT", "formula": "$n(annualTurnover) > $const.registrationThreshold or compulsoryRegistration" } ], "testCases": [ { "description": "V1 ৳1,00,000 at the standard 15%: VAT ৳15,000, total ৳1,15,000", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "netAmount": 100000, "vatAmount": 15000, "grossAmount": 115000 } }, { "description": "V2 take 15% out of ৳1,15,000", "given": { "amount": 115000, "direction": "remove", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "netAmount": 100000, "vatAmount": 15000 } }, { "description": "V3 Third Schedule 10%", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "reduced10", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "vatAmount": 10000 } }, { "description": "V4 Third Schedule 7.5%", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "reduced75", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "vatAmount": 7500, "grossAmount": 107500 } }, { "description": "V5 Third Schedule 5%", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "reduced5", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "vatAmount": 5000 } }, { "description": "V6 export: zero rate", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "zeroRated", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "rate": 0, "vatAmount": 0 } }, { "description": "V7 exempt supply", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "exempt", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "vatAmount": 0, "grossAmount": 100000 } }, { "description": "V8 imported service ৳2,00,000: the recipient pays ৳30,000, none on the invoice", "given": { "amount": 200000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": true, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "vatAmount": 0, "selfAssessedVat": 30000 } }, { "description": "V9 imported service at a Third Schedule category: still 15% under s.20", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "reduced5", "reverseCharge": true, "annualTurnover": 0, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "selfAssessedVat": 15000 } }, { "description": "V10 turnover exactly ৳50 lakh: not above the registration threshold, turnover tax ৳2,00,000", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 5000000, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "mustRegister": false, "turnoverTaxAnnual": 200000 } }, { "description": "V11 ৳50,00,001: must register, no turnover tax", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 5000001, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "mustRegister": true, "turnoverTaxAnnual": 0 } }, { "description": "V12 exactly ৳30 lakh: neither registration nor turnover tax", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 3000000, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "mustRegister": false, "turnoverTaxAnnual": 0 } }, { "description": "V13 ৳40 lakh: turnover tax ৳1,60,000", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 4000000, "compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "turnoverTaxAnnual": 160000 } }, { "description": "V14 importer with ৳10 lakh turnover: registration whatever the turnover (s.4(2))", "given": { "amount": 100000, "direction": "add", "category": "standard", "reverseCharge": false, "annualTurnover": 1000000, "compulsoryRegistration": true }, "expect": { "mustRegister": true, "turnoverTaxAnnual": 0 } } ], "spec": { "id": "vat-bangladesh", "version": "1.0.0", "schema": { "type": "object", "properties": { "amount": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 }, "direction": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "add", "remove" ] }, "category": { "type": "string", "enum": [ "standard", "reduced10", "reduced75", "reduced5", "zeroRated", "exempt" ] }, "reverseCharge": { "type": "boolean" }, "annualTurnover": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 }, "compulsoryRegistration": { "type": "boolean" }, "rate": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "effectiveRate": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "netAmount": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "vatAmount": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "selfAssessedVat": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "grossAmount": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "turnoverTaxAnnual": { "type": "number", "readOnly": true }, "mustRegister": { "type": "boolean", "readOnly": true } } }, "constants": { "standardRate": 0.15, "reducedRate10": 0.1, "reducedRate75": 0.075, "reducedRate5": 0.05, "zeroRate": 0, "importedServiceRate": 0.15, "registrationThreshold": 5000000, "enlistmentThreshold": 3000000, "turnoverTaxRate": 0.04 }, "library": { "layers": [ { "id": "statutory", "define": "(\n /* Shared statutory helpers — the canonical copy (docs/sandbox/d8-statutory-families.md §5.4).\n DO NOT EDIT A SPEC'S INLINED COPY. Edit this file and run `npm run sync:helpers`; a vitest\n assertion and a Java assertion both require every inlined copy to be byte-identical to this one.\n\n Why inlined rather than referenced: the `library` section's `ref` form — a library shared\n between models — is still proposed, gated on the model-references design (see\n ../../../../docs/design/library/jsonata-library.md). Inlining keeps each spec self-contained,\n which is what lets `#e=` embedding, `#share=` import and MCP forking work with no resolver.\n\n TWO TRAPS, both of which fail SILENTLY and both of which bit during the debt-payoff build:\n\n 1. A library function sees ONLY its arguments. It cannot read the consuming document — not\n through a bare field name, not through `$`, not through `$$`. Everything these helpers\n need is passed in. (`$const` is late-bound and so would resolve, but relying on it would\n couple a shared helper to one spec's constant names.)\n 2. ONE null member wrecks a whole aggregate, and the two engines disagree about how. The JS\n reference implementation THROWS (\"Argument 1 of function sum must be an array of\n numbers\"); the Java port can instead yield null for the entire aggregate. Neither gives a\n partial total, and the null-yielding form is the dangerous one because it is silent. So\n callers coerce with `$n()` below before aggregating, which makes the behaviour identical\n in both engines — measured, not assumed: see helpers.test.ts.\n\n 3. A PATH STEP DIRECTLY ON A CALL RESULT RETURNS NOTHING in the Java engine. This matters for\n every caller of $amortize, which is the one helper here returning an object:\n\n $amortize(p, r, n, 0).months -> empty in Java, 360 in JS. WRONG\n ($a := $amortize(p, r, n, 0); $a.months) -> 360 in both. RIGHT\n\n Bind the result to a variable, then step into it. The JS reference accepts both forms, so\n this is invisible until the page is served by the real engine, and it fails as a blank\n field rather than an error. Measured with a probe, not inferred — the field simply does\n not appear. */\n\n /* Number coercion with an explicit zero default. The guard against trap 2. */\n $n := function($v) { $v = null or $not($exists($v)) ? 0 : $number($v) };\n\n /* ISO date -> its year / month / day parts. String slicing rather than $fromMillis formatting:\n these are statutory dates (\"2026-04-06\"), and a timezone-sensitive round-trip through millis\n can shift the day, which silently moves a service anniversary across a band boundary. */\n $isoY := function($d) { $number($substring($d, 0, 4)) };\n $isoM := function($d) { $number($substring($d, 5, 2)) };\n $isoD := function($d) { $number($substring($d, 8, 2)) };\n\n /* Whole years of completed service between two ISO dates. Counts an anniversary as reached only\n when the month-and-day has arrived, which is what \"completed years of service\" means in every\n severance statute — not a 365.25-day division, whose drift crosses a 5-year band boundary in\n the wrong direction roughly one year in four. */\n $yearsBetween := function($from, $to) { (\n $y := $isoY($to) - $isoY($from);\n $beforeAnniversary := $isoM($to) < $isoM($from)\n or ($isoM($to) = $isoM($from) and $isoD($to) < $isoD($from));\n $beforeAnniversary ? $y - 1 : $y\n ) };\n\n /* Whole completed months between two ISO dates, same convention. */\n $monthsBetween := function($from, $to) { (\n $m := ($isoY($to) - $isoY($from)) * 12 + ($isoM($to) - $isoM($from));\n $isoD($to) < $isoD($from) ? $m - 1 : $m\n ) };\n\n /* Inclusive count of days between two ISO dates — both endpoints counted, because a leave year\n runs from its first day to its last and an employee present on both is present for both.\n Pro-rata accrual is then $proRataDays(a, b) / $proRataDays(yearStart, yearEnd). */\n $proRataDays := function($from, $to) {\n ($toMillis($to) - $toMillis($from)) / 86400000 + 1\n };\n\n /* Progressive charge across bands. `$bands` is ordered lowest-first, each {\"upTo\": n, \"rate\": r};\n the final band's `upTo` is omitted or null to mean \"no ceiling\". Each band's rate applies ONLY\n to the slice of the amount inside it — the single most common error in a hand-written bracket\n walk is applying the top rate to the whole amount. Returns 0 for a non-positive amount. */\n $bandedCharge := function($amount, $bands) { (\n $a := $n($amount);\n $a <= 0 ? 0 : $reduce($bands, function($acc, $band) { (\n $ceiling := $exists($band.upTo) and $band.upTo != null ? $band.upTo : $a;\n $top := $ceiling < $a ? $ceiling : $a;\n $slice := $top - $acc.floor;\n {\n \"floor\": $top > $acc.floor ? $top : $acc.floor,\n \"charge\": $acc.charge + ($slice > 0 ? $slice * $n($band.rate) : 0)\n }\n ) }, {\"floor\": 0, \"charge\": 0}).charge\n ) };\n\n /* Clamp into [floor, cap]. Either bound may be omitted (null) to leave that side open — a benefit\n with a cap and no floor is as common as one with both. */\n $clampFloorCap := function($value, $floor, $cap) { (\n $v := $n($value);\n $withFloor := $exists($floor) and $floor != null and $v < $floor ? $floor : $v;\n $exists($cap) and $cap != null and $withFloor > $cap ? $cap : $withFloor\n ) };\n\n /* Level annuity payment for a principal over `$months` at `$annualRatePct` nominal, compounded\n monthly. Falls back to straight-line division at a zero rate, where the standard formula\n divides by zero. */\n $annuityPayment := function($principal, $annualRatePct, $months) { (\n $p := $n($principal);\n $m := $n($months);\n $i := $n($annualRatePct) / 1200;\n $m <= 0 ? 0 : ($i = 0 ? $p / $m : $p * $i * $power(1 + $i, $m) / ($power(1 + $i, $m) - 1))\n ) };\n\n /* Amortisation schedule: one row per month until the balance clears or `$months` is reached.\n Returns {\"payment\", \"months\", \"totalInterest\", \"schedule\": [{month, interest, principal,\n balance}]}. `$extra` is an optional monthly overpayment.\n\n A real month-by-month fold rather than a closed form, because an overpayment changes every\n later row — the same reason debt-payoff simulates. Bounded by `$months`, so it always\n terminates. */\n $amortize := function($principal, $annualRatePct, $months, $extra) { (\n $i := $n($annualRatePct) / 1200;\n $pay := $annuityPayment($principal, $annualRatePct, $months) + $n($extra);\n $r := $reduce([1..$n($months)], function($acc, $month) {\n $acc.balance <= 0 ? $acc : (\n /* The running balance is kept UNROUNDED and only the emitted row is rounded. Rounding the\n balance each month instead accumulates drift: at 200,000 over 360 months it left 2.83\n still owing in the final row, which would break the \"final balance is zero\" invariant\n (§7.3) and look to a reader like the schedule does not pay the loan off. Lenders compute\n on the exact balance and adjust the last payment, which is what this does. */\n $interest := $acc.balance * $i;\n $due := $acc.balance + $interest < $pay ? $acc.balance + $interest : $pay;\n $principalPart := $due - $interest;\n $balance := $acc.balance - $principalPart;\n {\n \"balance\": $balance,\n \"totalInterest\": $acc.totalInterest + $interest,\n \"schedule\": $append($acc.schedule, [{\n \"month\": $month,\n \"interest\": $round($interest, 2),\n \"principal\": $round($principalPart, 2),\n \"balance\": $round($balance, 2)\n }])\n }\n )\n }, {\"balance\": $n($principal), \"totalInterest\": 0, \"schedule\": []});\n {\n \"payment\": $round($pay, 2),\n \"months\": $count($r.schedule),\n \"totalInterest\": $round($r.totalInterest, 2),\n \"schedule\": [$r.schedule]\n }\n ) };\n\n [\"n\", \"isoY\", \"isoM\", \"isoD\", \"yearsBetween\", \"monthsBetween\", \"proRataDays\",\n \"bandedCharge\", \"clampFloorCap\", \"annuityPayment\", \"amortize\"]\n)\n" } ] }, "defaultValues": [ { "path": "$", "expr": "{ 'amount': 100000, 'direction': 'add', 'category': 'standard', 'reverseCharge': false, 'annualTurnover': 0, 'compulsoryRegistration': false }" } ], "derivations": [ { "path": "$.rate", "expr": "category = 'standard' ? $const.standardRate : (category = 'reduced10' ? $const.reducedRate10 : (category = 'reduced75' ? $const.reducedRate75 : (category = 'reduced5' ? $const.reducedRate5 : $const.zeroRate)))" }, { "path": "$.effectiveRate", "expr": "reverseCharge ? 0 : $round(rate, 4)" }, { "path": "$.netAmount", "expr": "direction = 'remove' ? $round($n(amount) / (1 + effectiveRate), 2) : $round($n(amount), 2)" }, { "path": "$.vatAmount", "expr": "$round(netAmount * effectiveRate, 2)" }, { "path": "$.selfAssessedVat", "expr": "(reverseCharge and category != 'exempt') ? $round(netAmount * $const.importedServiceRate, 2) : 0" }, { "path": "$.grossAmount", "expr": "$round(netAmount + vatAmount, 2)" }, { "path": "$.turnoverTaxAnnual", "expr": "($t := $n(annualTurnover); (compulsoryRegistration or $t > $const.registrationThreshold or $t <= $const.enlistmentThreshold) ? 0 : $round($t * $const.turnoverTaxRate, 2))" }, { "path": "$.mustRegister", "expr": "$n(annualTurnover) > $const.registrationThreshold or compulsoryRegistration" } ], "constraints": [], "viewDefinition": { "renderer": "builtin", "defaultView": "main", "views": [ { "id": "main", "label": "VAT", "layout": "vertical", "components": [ { "id": "amount", "type": "numericField", "label": "Amount (BDT)", "bind": "$.amount" }, { "id": "direction", "type": "selectField", "label": "The amount is", "bind": "$.direction", "options": [ { "value": "add", "label": "Before VAT (add VAT)" }, { "value": "remove", "label": "Including VAT (take VAT out)" } ] }, { "id": "category", "type": "selectField", "label": "Supply", "bind": "$.category", "options": [ { "value": "standard", "label": "Standard rate 15%" }, { "value": "reduced10", "label": "Third Schedule 10%" }, { "value": "reduced75", "label": "Third Schedule 7.5%" }, { "value": "reduced5", "label": "Third Schedule 5%" }, { "value": "zeroRated", "label": "Zero-rated (exports, s.21)" }, { "value": "exempt", "label": "Exempt (First Schedule)" } ] }, { "id": "reverse", "type": "checkboxField", "label": "Service imported from abroad (you, the recipient, pay the VAT)", "bind": "$.reverseCharge" }, { "id": "turnover", "type": "numericField", "label": "Your turnover over 12 months (BDT)", "bind": "$.annualTurnover" }, { "id": "compulsory", "type": "checkboxField", "label": "You import, export, supply under a tender or contract, or deal in goods or services with supplementary duty", "bind": "$.compulsoryRegistration", "helperText": "Section 4(2): registration whatever the turnover." }, { "id": "tiles", "type": "group", "layout": "horizontal", "components": [ { "id": "vat", "type": "statTile", "label": "VAT", "bind": "$.vatAmount", "format": "currency", "currency": "BDT" }, { "id": "gross", "type": "statTile", "label": "Total with VAT", "bind": "$.grossAmount", "format": "currency", "currency": "BDT" } ] }, { "id": "breakdown", "type": "keyValueList", "label": "Details", "items": [ { "label": "Value before VAT", "bind": "$.netAmount", "format": "currency", "currency": "BDT" }, { "label": "Rate applied", "bind": "$.effectiveRate", "format": "number" }, { "label": "VAT you pay on the imported service (s.20)", "bind": "$.selfAssessedVat", "format": "currency", "currency": "BDT" }, { "label": "Turnover tax for the year at 4% (enlisted, ৳30–50 lakh)", "bind": "$.turnoverTaxAnnual", "format": "currency", "currency": "BDT" }, { "label": "Must register for VAT", "bind": "$.mustRegister" } ] }, { "id": "note", "type": "staticText", "text": "A registered supplier charges 15%, or a Third Schedule rate on the goods and services listed there (it may choose 15% instead). Exports are zero-rated; First Schedule supplies are exempt (no VAT and no input credit). Registration is required once turnover exceeds ৳50 lakh in 12 months; above ৳30 lakh a business must enlist for turnover tax, 4% until the Government notifies fixed amounts (at most ৳2 lakh). Not modelled: supplementary duty, specific (fixed-amount) taxes, advance tax at import, VAT deducted at source. Estimate, not tax advice." }, { "id": "sources", "type": "sourceList", "label": "Sources", "layers": 2, "items": [ { "label": "VAT and Supplementary Duty Act 2012 s.15(3): 15%", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42308.html", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [ "standardRate" ] }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.21: zero-rated supplies (exports)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42314.html", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [ "zeroRate" ] }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012, Third Schedule (reduced rates, as amended to the Finance Act 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/upload/act/2026-08-27-12-19-29-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%2C-%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A8-%281st%2C-2nd%2C-3rd-schedule%29.pdf", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [ "reducedRate10", "reducedRate75", "reducedRate5" ] }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.20: imported services (substituted by the Finance Act 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42313.html", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [ "importedServiceRate" ] }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.2(48), (57): ৳30 lakh and ৳50 lakh (Act 77 of 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42295.html", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [ "registrationThreshold", "enlistmentThreshold" ] }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.63(1): turnover tax 4% (Finance Act 2026)", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42359.html", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [ "turnoverTaxRate" ] }, { "label": "VAT and SD Act 2012 s.4: who must register", "url": "https://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-1106/section-42297.html", "date": "2026-11-01", "covers": [] } ] } ] } ] }, "tests": [ { "description": "V1 ৳1,00,000 at the standard 15%: VAT ৳15,000, total ৳1,15,000", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.netAmount": 100000, "$.vatAmount": 15000, "$.grossAmount": 115000 } }, { "description": "V2 take 15% out of ৳1,15,000", "given": { "$.amount": 115000, "$.direction": "remove", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.netAmount": 100000, "$.vatAmount": 15000 } }, { "description": "V3 Third Schedule 10%", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "reduced10", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.vatAmount": 10000 } }, { "description": "V4 Third Schedule 7.5%", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "reduced75", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.vatAmount": 7500, "$.grossAmount": 107500 } }, { "description": "V5 Third Schedule 5%", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "reduced5", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.vatAmount": 5000 } }, { "description": "V6 export: zero rate", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "zeroRated", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.rate": 0, "$.vatAmount": 0 } }, { "description": "V7 exempt supply", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "exempt", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.vatAmount": 0, "$.grossAmount": 100000 } }, { "description": "V8 imported service ৳2,00,000: the recipient pays ৳30,000, none on the invoice", "given": { "$.amount": 200000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": true, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.vatAmount": 0, "$.selfAssessedVat": 30000 } }, { "description": "V9 imported service at a Third Schedule category: still 15% under s.20", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "reduced5", "$.reverseCharge": true, "$.annualTurnover": 0, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.selfAssessedVat": 15000 } }, { "description": "V10 turnover exactly ৳50 lakh: not above the registration threshold, turnover tax ৳2,00,000", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 5000000, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.mustRegister": false, "$.turnoverTaxAnnual": 200000 } }, { "description": "V11 ৳50,00,001: must register, no turnover tax", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 5000001, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.mustRegister": true, "$.turnoverTaxAnnual": 0 } }, { "description": "V12 exactly ৳30 lakh: neither registration nor turnover tax", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 3000000, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.mustRegister": false, "$.turnoverTaxAnnual": 0 } }, { "description": "V13 ৳40 lakh: turnover tax ৳1,60,000", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 4000000, "$.compulsoryRegistration": false }, "expect": { "$.turnoverTaxAnnual": 160000 } }, { "description": "V14 importer with ৳10 lakh turnover: registration whatever the turnover (s.4(2))", "given": { "$.amount": 100000, "$.direction": "add", "$.category": "standard", "$.reverseCharge": false, "$.annualTurnover": 1000000, "$.compulsoryRegistration": true }, "expect": { "$.mustRegister": true, "$.turnoverTaxAnnual": 0 } } ] } }